• Book, one author:

Lang, D.  (1993).  Coping with lyme disease.  Richmond Hill, ON:  

	Fitzhenry & Whiteside.

Add  (Ed.).  after an editor's name.

• Book, two or more authors:

Dickinson, T. , & Dyer,  A.  (1997).  The backyard astronomer's guide.  

	Willowdale, ON: Firefly.

• Magazine article:

Clark, A.  (1999, March 22).  How teens got the power.  Maclean's,  42-46.

• Journal article:

Dold, C.  (1999).  The Cholera Lesson.  Discover, 20(2), 70-75.


• Newspaper article:

Ayed, N.  (1999 April 16).  New law will give victims more rights.  The

	London Free Press, p.  A12.

(For discontinuous pages use pp.  A1,  A4-5.)


• Encyclopedia article:

Adler, R.  (1995).  Hepatitis.  In Magill's medical guide:  Health and illness.  

	Pasadena, CA:  Salem Press.

• Encyclopedia article, no author:

Malaria.  (1995).  In The new encyclopedia Britannica.  Chicago: 

	Encyclopedia Britannica.

• Internet:

A webpage	

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.  (No date).  [Online].  

	Available:  www.intelihealth.com  [1999, April 21].

An online magazine or newspaper

Ayed, N.  (1999 April 16).  New law will give victims more rights.   

	The London Free Press  [Online].  Available: www.lfpress.com  

	[1999, April 16].

• CD-ROM:

Munton, D.  (1998, July/August).  Dispelling the myths of the acid rain 

	story.  Environment  [CD-ROM], 11pp.  Available: EBSCO/TOPICsearch.

REFERENCE CITATIONS IN TEXT 

			
• One work by one author:

Rogers (1999) compared reaction times

In a recent study of reaction times (Rogers, 1999)

In 1999, Rogers compared reaction times
	
Within a paragraph, subsequent references to a study need not include the year.


• One work by multiple authors up to five:

Edwards, Ross, Adams, and Smith (1999) found [first citation in text]

Edwards et al. (1999) found [subsequent first citation per paragraph 
thereafter]

• Groups as authors:

(National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 1998)

Subsequent references

(NIMH, 1998)

• Works with no author:

("Malaria", 1995)

Article titles are quoted.

(Popular Science, 1999)

Book and magazine articles are underlined.

• Specific parts of a source:

(Dickinson & Dyer, 1997, p. 35)

(Edwards, 1999, chap. 4)

(Johnson, 1998, paragraph 3)

• Personal communication:

Personal communications (letters, telephone conversations, interviews) are cited in the text only and are not included in the reference list.

(D. Ross, personal communication, April 6, 1999)

(Susan Rogers, email to author, April 19, 1999)

• Short quotations:

Indicate short quotations (fewer than 40 words) within double quotation marks in your text.

"The automobile created the biggest revolution in American life ever caused by a single invention" (Hanson, 1999,  p.70).

Hanson (1999) states that "the automobile created the biggest revolution in American life ever caused by a single invention" (p. 70).

• Long quotations:

Hanson (1999) describes the invention of the radio:

	The 1920s saw the birth of one of the most influential forms of

	communication of the century.  In November 1920 the first radio

	broadcast was heard in America.  By the end of the decade, more

	than 12 million families in America, one-third of the nation's

	population, were listening avidly to their radios at home.  (p. 84)