The Chemical Basis of Life

Answer the following questions and then submit your answers for marking.

1. What determines the atomic number of an atom?
    Number of electrons in the outermost energy level.
    Total number of energy shells.
    Arrangement of neutrons in the atomic nucleus.
    Number of protons in the atomic nucleus.
2. What is the possible capacity of the outer electron shell of an atom of hydrogen (atomic number = 1)?
    1 electron
    2 electrons
    6 electons
    8 electrons
3. The molecule C24H46O23 is a(n):
    protein
    lipid
    monosaccharide
    polysaccharide
4. How does sodium acetate-acetic acid function as a buffer?
    Acetate ion accepts OH- ions
    Acetate ion accepts H+ ions, depending on pH
    Acetate ion accepts H+, and H+ accepts OH-
    Always increases pH

5.Of the two molecules shown below:

       NH2 H                                      H     H     H
       |      |                                     |       |       |
CH3--C -- C = O                         H -- C -- C -- C -- C = O
       |      |                                     |     |     |      |
      H    OH                                     H     H     H    OH
 

    both contain the amine group
    both belong to the same family of biomolecules
    both serve as monomer subunits of a polymer
    all of the above
6. The presence of (-OH) in an organic compound tends to make that compound:
    Hydrophobic
    Basic
    Hydrophillic
    Acidic
7. Which of the following reactions requires the removal of water to form a covalent bond?
    amylopectin -----> glucose subunits
    alanine + glycine -----> dipeptide
    cellulose -----> glucose
    lactose -----> glucose + galactose
8. Which of the following is false about amylose?
    It is made of several hundred glucose units.
    It is a component of starch.
    It has unbranched chains.
    It has a C1,C2 linkage between monomers.
9. If you compare a molecule of chitin to a molecule of cellulose, what structural difference becomes evident?
    Cellulose is formed from branching chains.
    Chitin's monomers are slightly different in structure.
    The glucose subunits are bonded differently in chitin.
    Cellulose is a disaccharide.
10. Where is glycogen stored in vertebrate animals?
    Liver and muscles
    Brain and kidneys
    Heart and blood
    Pancreas and Intestines
11. Which of the following correctly matches an organic polymer with its respective monomers?
    Protein and amino acids
    Carbohydrates and polysaccharides
    Hydrocarbon and monosaccharides
    Lipid and steroids
12. Which of the following interactions does not involve a hydrogen bond?
    The primary structure in proteins
    Nitrogenous bases "pair up"
    An  alpha-helix
    Water molecules "stick" together
13. The bonds between amino acids are termed:
    condensation bonds
    phosphodiester bonds
    peptide bonds
    007
14. The main difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that:
    deoxyribose is a hexose and ribose is a pentose sugar
    deoxyribose has one less hydroxyl group than ribose
    deoxyribose has had all of its oxygen removed
    deoxyribose is a bigger sugar
15. When an inhibition molecule binds to an enzyme at a site other than the active site, the situation is referred to as:
    Competitive inhibition
    Irreversible inhibition
    Allosteric inhibition
    End product inhibition

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