Energy and the Living Cell

Answer the following questions and then submit your answers for marking.

1. Of the following cell components which is composed primarily of protein?
    Plasma membrane
    Cytoskeleton
    DNA
    Ribosomes
2. If you identified a cell with large amounts of rough ER, what specifically could you conclude about that cell?
    Large quantities of enzymes are catalyzing biochemical processes in that cell.
    Quantities of nuclear membrane are produced by that cell.
    Proteins for export are manufactured by that cell.
    Membrane lipids are produced by that cell.
3. Which organelle does one expect to be most abundant in human skeletal muscle cells?
    Mitochondria
    Lysosomes
    Golgi complexes
    Smooth ER
4. Molecules assisted by carrier proteins may passively cross a differentially permeable membrane by:
    Facilitated diffusion
    Active transport
    Osmosis
    Endocytosis
5. In general, which of the following is largely responsible for moving substances across the plasma membrane, communicating with other cells and identifying the cell?
    Phospholipids
    Carbohydrates
    Proteins
    Nucleic acids
6. The coronary artery is protected from leaking due to cell-to-cell junctions called:
    Desmosomes
    Tight junctions
    Gap junctions
    Plasmodesmata
7. Anaerobic metabolism:
    Converts huge quantities of food energy into ATP energy
    Occurs in the cytosol
    Requires oxygen
    Captures light energy
8. When fats are used as fuel, the glycerol portion of the molecule enters the glycolytic pathway when converted to
    phosphoglyceraldehyde
    phosphoenolpyruvate
    coenzyme A
    fructose phosphate
    pyruvate
9. Certain kinds of carbon compounds have a carboxylic acid group (COOH) held in such a manner that it can split off from the rest of the molecule. This process is called
    decarboxylation
    oxidation
    phosphorylation
    reduction
    dephosphorylation
10. What is the significance of the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid during anaerobic respiration?
    Pyruvic acid becomes available to enter matrix reactions.
    The citric acid cycle is initiated.
    NAD+ is regenerated for use in glycolysis.
    The oxidation of pyruvic acid becomes possible.
11. When glucose burns in air, it releases heat rapidly. In the cellular respiration of glucose
    no heat is released
    no oxygen is required
    water prevents uncontrolled combustion
    enzymes make the reaction take place in small steps
    all of the energy is converted into ATP
12. The first step in the activation of glucose for respiration is
    removal of a molecule of water
    addition of a hydrogen ion
    removal of an atom of oxygen
    addition of a phosphate group
    addition of an atom of oxygen
13. The following molecules occur at different stages of the release of energy during cellular respiration:
        I acetyl co-enzyme a
        II carbon dioxide
        III glucose
        IV fructose phosphate
        V pyruvate

In which of the following are the above molecules arranged in order from the greatest to the least chemical energy?

    IV, III, V, I, II
    III, I, V, IV, II
    III, IV, I, V, II
    III, IV, V, I, II
    II, I, V, IV, III
14. The metabolic breakdown of one molecule of glucose harvests the greatest amount of useable energy during:
    Glycolysis
    Krebs cycle
    Matrix reactions
    Electron Transport
    Fermentation
15. The final product of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration is a molecule of
    water
    ATP
    Coenzyme A
    Cytochrome Oxidase
    NAD

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© Copyright 1998 Terry Brown. All rights reserved.